Sunday, February 10, 2013

Primavera de Espana c1886

Primavera de España, launched by Guerlain in 1886, is a floral fragrance that captures the essence of springtime in Spain. The name, translated from Spanish, means “Spring of Spain” (pronounced as "pree-mah-VEH-rah deh es-PAHN-yah"), evoking images of sun-drenched gardens, fresh blooms, and the gentle warmth of a Mediterranean spring. The word itself suggests renewal, vitality, and an elegant, natural beauty—qualities that would have resonated strongly with European women of the late 19th century, offering a fragrant reflection of both grace and optimism.

The fragrance was introduced during a period of historical and cultural significance. Spain was in the midst of a delicate political transition: King Alfonso XII had passed away the previous year, and his young son, Alfonso XIII, had been born posthumously on May 17th, making his mother, Maria Christina of Austria, regent until he came of age. In this context, a perfume celebrating the vibrancy of Spanish spring could be interpreted as a subtle homage to the continuity of the royal lineage and the hope embodied in new life. Guerlain’s choice of name and theme would have appealed to contemporary women by invoking the romance and sophistication associated with Spain’s cultural and natural landscapes.

From a perfumery perspective, Primavera de España would have aligned with the popular 19th-century trend of spring-floral compositions. These fragrances aimed to evoke the freshness and delicacy of newly blossomed flowers, a motif that nearly every major perfumery explored. However, each house, including Guerlain, sought to differentiate its creations through subtle innovations. The perfume likely employed natural extracts, infusions, absolutes, and tinctures drawn from the finest flowers available, while later versions may have incorporated emerging synthetic aroma chemicals to enhance longevity, brightness, and projection. The result would have been a lively, yet refined bouquet—both familiar in its floral heart and distinctive in its Spanish character.

Ultimately, Primavera de España exemplifies Guerlain’s skill at merging tradition with originality. It stood alongside other spring-floral perfumes of the era yet distinguished itself through its thematic inspiration, refined balance, and the sophisticated craftsmanship that was already becoming synonymous with the Guerlain name. The scent would have been interpreted not merely as a perfume but as a fragrant embodiment of spring, elegance, and the promise of renewal.

Fragrance Composition:


So what does it smell like? Primavera de Espana is classified as a floral fragrance, evoking the freshness of newly blossomed Spring flowers. 
  • Top notes: bergamot, lemon, petitgrain, geranium, orange, cassie, violet
  • Middle notes: jasmine, cloves, verbena, lily of the valley, tuberose, lavender, rose, jasmine
  • Base notes: ambergris, orris, vanilla, musk, cedar, civet, tonka bean

Scent Profile:


Primavera de España by Guerlain is a fragrant homage to the first blooms of spring in Spain, a perfume that awakens the senses with its bright, verdant energy. As the bottle is uncorked, the top notes immediately unfold with a sparkling citrus bouquet: bergamot from Calabria, Italy, shines with its unique green-tinged bitterness and a radiant, almost floral sweetness, while lemon, likely Sicilian, contributes a sharp, invigorating lift, its limonene-rich oil brightening the fragrance. 

Petitgrain, distilled from the leaves and twigs of the bitter orange tree in Paraguay or Corsica, adds a green, slightly woody freshness with its linalool and linalyl acetate components, creating a nuanced interplay with the orange blossom, whose delicate nerolidol and linalool lend a subtle honeyed floral sweetness. A hint of geranium imparts a rosy, slightly minty nuance, and violet and cassie (acacia) soften the edges, providing a powdery green-floral warmth that feels like the first petals opening in a sunlit garden.

As the heart of the fragrance emerges, the middle notes form a rich, layered floral tapestry. Jasmine, sourced perhaps from Grasse, France, exudes its indolic, narcotic sweetness, full-bodied and heady, while rose, likely Bulgarian or Turkish, offers a fragrant intensity defined by phenyl ethyl alcohol and geraniol, giving the composition a romantic, timeless elegance. Tuberose contributes creamy, slightly animalic facets, its methyl anthranilate notes enhancing the lushness, and lily of the valley brings a delicate watery green quality, contrasting the richer blooms. Verbena and lavender contribute airy herbal lifts: the verbenone and linalool in these oils create a cooling effect that balances the sweeter florals, while cloves add a subtle warmth and spiciness through eugenol, grounding the bouquet and providing a whisper of exotic depth.

The base notes settle into a warm, sensual embrace, giving the fragrance longevity and depth. Ambergris, a rare and precious marine-derived note, imbues the composition with its soft, slightly salty, musky sweetness, harmonizing with the civet, whose animalic richness underscores the floral heart without overpowering it. 

Orris, derived from the rhizomes of Iris pallida, lends a sophisticated, powdery woodiness, complemented by cedar, which adds dry, balsamic undertones. Vanilla and tonka bean round the scent with their creamy, sweet tonality, while musk laces the dry-down with a soft, lingering warmth. Together, these base elements create a sensuous cushion that supports the vibrant, airy top and heart notes, allowing the fragrance to evolve gracefully over hours, much like spring unfolding in a Spanish garden.

This perfume exemplifies Guerlain’s mastery in balancing bright citrus, lush florals, and rich, warm bases, combining natural extracts with subtle synthetic enhancements. The synthetics, likely used to stabilize the lighter florals and support the depth of ambergris or civet, extend the fragrance’s wear while maintaining clarity, making Primavera de España a luminous, elegant celebration of springtime’s vitality and refinement.


Journal des demoiselles - Page 244, 1890: 
“Two perfumes dedicated to young girls—discreet and proper scents: Primavera de España and the Verveine line, each with a delicate freshness.”

La Moda elegante ilustrada: periódico de las familias - Page 134, 1893: 
"“Primavera de España, a very soft (or gentle) fragrance."



Fate of the Fragrance:

Discontinued, date unknown. Still being sold in 1894.

 

Vol de Nuit Evasion c2007

Vol de Nuit Évasion by Guerlain was launched in 2007 as an exclusive collaboration with Aelia, a French airport duty-free chain, making it available only at Aelia locations in France and Great Britain, as well as in Guerlain’s own boutiques. Its very conception as a travel-exclusive edition speaks to the romantic spirit of movement, escape, and discovery that the house of Guerlain has long celebrated. The name, Vol de Nuit Évasion — pronounced "vol duh nwee ay-vah-zyohn" — is French for “Night Flight Escape.” It draws directly from Guerlain’s legendary 1933 perfume Vol de Nuit, itself inspired by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry’s novel of the same name, but Évasion adds a new layer of meaning — suggesting not just a flight through the night sky, but an emotional or sensory escape.

The words Vol de Nuit Évasion conjure poetic imagery: the hum of an aircraft cutting through a dark, starlit sky, the glow of cabin lights reflected on glass, the quiet anticipation of a journey beginning. “Évasion” — meaning escape or getaway — evokes both physical travel and a deeper, more introspective freedom: slipping away from the ordinary into something dreamlike and luminous. Guerlain used this concept to craft a fragrance that bridges imagination and reality — “a few hours of an internal adventure,” as their description poetically phrased it. It captures the beauty of solitude, the thrill of movement, and the serenity of distance — a perfume for the woman who finds herself most alive when she’s in motion.

The year 2007 belonged to an era of understated sophistication in perfumery. The loud, fruity florals of the late 1990s had given way to softer, more refined compositions, often blending classical materials with modern transparency. Travel exclusives had become a growing market segment, catering to cosmopolitan consumers seeking something rare, elegant, and unavailable to the general public. Fashion at the time reflected similar values — a blend of minimalism and quiet luxury, with designers emphasizing tailored silhouettes, soft femininity, and global chic. For women of this period, Vol de Nuit Évasion would have embodied the glamour of travel and the allure of private moments — a perfume that whispered rather than shouted, carrying with it an air of quiet mystery and refinement.

Created by Mathilde Laurent, Vol de Nuit Évasion is classified as an ambery floral fragrance for women. Though it bears the name of a house classic, it is not a reinterpretation of the original Vol de Nuit, but rather the eau de toilette version of Attrape-Cœur (1999) — one of Guerlain’s most beloved modern creations. It opens with a sweet, luminous accord of rose and peach, immediately evoking warmth and intimacy. The heart unfolds with waves of jasmine and iris, soft and powdery, capturing the sensation of moonlight filtering through clouds. As it settles, the fragrance drifts into a glowing oriental base of amber, woods, and vanilla, where sensual warmth meets smooth elegance.

In scent, the idea of “night flight escape” translates beautifully — a perfume that feels like silk and air, rich yet weightless, luminous yet enveloping. It carries the sweetness of memory and the serenity of distance — a scent for the traveler who seeks both beauty and introspection. Compared to other perfumes of its time, Vol de Nuit Évasion fit within the broader trend of romantic, modern orientals (alongside creations like Dior’s Midnight Poison and Armani’s Code for Women), yet it maintained Guerlain’s signature refinement: more poetic, more emotional, less commercial.

In essence, Vol de Nuit Évasion is a fragrance about freedom — not the noisy kind, but the kind found in quiet departures, unspoken longings, and the warm light that follows you into the night sky. It is Guerlain’s ode to the timeless desire to escape — with elegance, with memory, and with scent.




Fragrance Composition:



So what does it smell like? Vol de Nuit Evasion is classified as an ambery floral fragrance for women. It does not smell anything like the original Vol de Nuit, but instead smells a lot like a sophisticated, yet lighter version of Attrape Coeur, because it is the eau de toilette version of Attrape Coeur.
  • Top notes: peach, raspberry, bergamot
  • Middle notes: violet, iris, rose, jasmine, and tuberose, cinnamon
  • Base notes: amber, vanilla, orris, tonka bean, sandalwood, oakmoss, leather, patchouli

Scent Profile:


The first impression of Vol de Nuit Évasion is like stepping into a dimly lit cabin moments before takeoff — the hum of anticipation in the air, a warmth building beneath the quiet. The fragrance opens with a fruity shimmer, led by juicy peach and luscious raspberry. The peach, likely of Mediterranean origin, brings a sunlit roundness — soft, velvety, and nectar-sweet — rich in lactones such as γ-decalactone that give it that creamy, skin-like quality. Raspberry, meanwhile, lends a subtle tart sparkle; its aroma chemicals, like raspberry ketone and ionones, add brightness and a touch of delicate woodiness, keeping the opening from becoming too syrupy. Together, they are lifted by bergamot, the elegant citrus note from Calabria, Italy — prized for its balance of green, floral, and spicy tones. Its natural linalyl acetate and limonene molecules lend the composition a radiant freshness, while a touch of synthetic bergamot essence ensures longevity and consistency, making the opening gleam like early dawn light on a plane’s wing.

As the perfume unfolds, the heart reveals violet, iris, rose, jasmine, and tuberose, forming a deeply textured floral bouquet. The violet, with its powdery sweetness, comes alive through ionones, the very molecules that give this flower its signature violet-candy scent. It merges seamlessly with orris, derived from the aged rhizomes of the Florentine iris — one of perfumery’s most luxurious materials. Orris butter’s natural irones impart a creamy, suede-like aroma that feels both melancholy and romantic. Rose, likely the centifolia or damascena variety, adds a full-bodied floral richness, balancing the coolness of violet and iris with warmth and sensuality; its geraniol and citronellol molecules lend body and freshness, while a hint of synthetic rose absolute extends its radiance.

Jasmine, probably sourced from Grasse or Egypt, brings narcotic sweetness and a whisper of indole — that faint, animalic undertone which gives depth and sensuality to florals. The jasmine’s natural benzyl acetate and linalool are heightened by synthetics like hedione, enhancing its airiness and projection, making it seem like moonlight filtering through sheer fabric. Tuberose, with its creamy, spicy facets, adds a sultry undertone, grounded by its natural methyl salicylate and indoles, both softened here to suggest quiet allure rather than opulence. Threaded through this floral heart is a trace of cinnamon, warm and golden, evoking the faint spice of skin warmed by candlelight. The cinnamon’s cinnamaldehyde brings energy and brightness, harmonizing with the florals like the faint pulse beneath a gentle smile.

As the fragrance deepens, the base unfolds — rich, ambery, and infinitely smooth. Amber provides the golden backbone, a blend of labdanum resin and vanillic warmth that glows softly rather than burns. Vanilla, likely Madagascan, contributes its comforting sweetness; its vanillin and coumarin notes create a sense of tender intimacy, like the warmth of a cashmere shawl draped across bare shoulders. Orris reappears in the drydown, giving a refined, powdery depth that lingers like a memory.

Tonka bean, with its natural coumarin content, imparts a toasted, almond-like richness, blending seamlessly with sandalwood, perhaps from Mysore or Australia. The sandalwood’s creamy lactones and santalols give a soft, milky sensuality that grounds the composition. Oakmoss, the traditional note of chypres, contributes its forested depth — earthy, slightly leathery, and green, its atranol compounds tamed and modernized to ensure both safety and clarity. Leather lends an animalic shadow — smooth, smoky, slightly bitter — while patchouli, dark and resinous, gives the fragrance an earthy vibration. The patchoulol and norpatchoulenol molecules within it anchor the composition, ensuring that the fragrance remains tethered, never too airy, never too sweet.

In its entirety, Vol de Nuit Évasion feels like an olfactory voyage at twilight — a movement from light to shadow, from fruit to flower to ambered wood. The interplay between natural essences and their synthetic enhancements allows the perfume to shimmer and expand, to breathe with the warmth of skin and the coolness of air. It is both grounded and dreamlike — a fragrance that captures the sensation of slipping quietly into the night sky, leaving behind the familiar world for something softer, sweeter, infinitely more mysterious.




Bottle:



The perfume is elegantly presented in a modified Bouchon Coeur flacon, its stopper crafted in the shape of an upside-down heart, a playful yet sophisticated nod to romance and whimsy. The glass itself catches the light, reflecting soft glimmers that hint at the luminous fragrance within. Encased in a rich blue box, the packaging is further adorned with a delicate propeller motif, designed to create an optical illusion that engages the eye and adds a sense of movement and modernity. This presentation conveys both charm and refinement, making it as visually captivating as the scent it contains. The fragrance is available as a 50 ml Eau de Toilette, originally retailing for $65, offering an accessible yet luxurious experience for collectors and enthusiasts alike.



Fate of the Fragrance:



Over the years, this fragrance has evolved through a series of distinct incarnations, each reflecting the creative vision of Guerlain at different points in time. The journey began in 1999 with Guet Apens, an early modern interpretation, followed by No. 68 in 2002, which refined the composition for a more contemporary audience. In 2005, Attrape Cœur introduced a softer, more romantic interpretation, emphasizing floral and gourmand notes that appealed to the sensibilities of the mid-2000s. Two years later, Vol de Nuit Evasion (2007) reimagined the perfume as a travel-exclusive homage, presenting a lighter, ambery-floral Eau de Toilette designed for airport boutiques, with an emphasis on elegance and sophistication. The evolution culminated in Royal Extract (2014), a luxurious and concentrated version that highlighted the richness of the house’s signature accords. Though now discontinued, the lineage of this fragrance demonstrates Guerlain’s ongoing experimentation with reinterpretation, capturing different moods and audiences across more than a decade of creative reinvention.

With Love c2003

With Love by Guerlain, launched in 2003, was a limited edition fragrance that embodied tenderness, intimacy, and emotion — a poetic gesture from the house that has long been synonymous with romance and refinement. The name With Love was chosen with simplicity and universality in mind — a phrase that transcends language barriers, carrying a personal touch, as if the perfume itself were a handwritten note, sealed with affection. To say something is given “with love” transforms it from a mere object into a token of feeling; it becomes both a gift and an expression of connection. Guerlain’s intent was to create a fragrance that felt like a moment shared — intimate, radiant, and softly sensual — the kind of scent one might wear not just to be noticed, but to be remembered.

The fragrance was conceived by Sylvaine Delacourte and Christine Nagel, two creative forces who captured the delicate balance between emotion and elegance that defines Guerlain’s feminine perfumes. Classified as a floral fragrance for women, With Love blends the brightness of citrus, the freshness of flowers, and the warmth of woods and musk to evoke the emotional landscape of love itself — from its first spark to its lasting comfort. Guerlain described it as a fragrance “where feelings blossom in a floral swirl against a background of musk and amber,” suggesting that beneath its soft romanticism lies a deeper sensuality — the meeting of tenderness and passion, of body and soul.



 
The early 2000s marked a period in perfumery where modern femininity was being redefined. The minimalist, fresh accords of the 1990s were giving way to more emotional, warmer compositions that balanced purity with sensual depth. Fragrances like Dior’s J’Adore (1999) and Chanel’s Chance (2003) reflected this shift — luminous, floral, yet grounded by musky and ambered bases. With Love aligned with this trend but offered Guerlain’s distinctive interpretation — refined, poetic, and understated rather than overtly seductive. It was also the first in a series of annual travel retail exclusives themed around love and romance, aimed at international travelers seeking a fragrance that symbolized affection and emotional connection. Its presentation — elegant yet approachable — was designed to appeal to women who valued both luxury and sentimentality.

The name With Love itself evokes an array of emotions and images: handwritten letters sealed with perfume, quiet moments between lovers, the lingering warmth of a shared embrace. It conjures both nostalgia and sincerity — the universal language of affection expressed through scent. In olfactory terms, this translates to a composition that opens with the sparkling optimism of mandarin orange and lemon, blooms into the tender grace of lily and freesia, and settles into the soft sensuality of sandalwood, amber, musk, and cedar. Together, these notes form a fragrance that feels both intimate and radiant — the scent of affection made tangible.

For the women of the early 2000s, With Love would have represented modern romance — confident, emotional, and elegant without excess. It was not a grand, dramatic statement of passion, but rather a whispered declaration — a scent that lives close to the skin, meant to be discovered rather than announced. Through its name and composition, Guerlain succeeded in capturing the timeless essence of love itself: tender yet enduring, radiant yet personal — a fragrance created, quite literally, with love.


Fragrance Composition:



So what does it smell like? With Love is classified as a floral fragrance for women.
  • Top notes: mandarin orange and lemon
  • Middle notes: lily and freesia
  • Base notes: sandalwood, amber, musk and cedar

Scent Profile:


With Love by Guerlain opens with a radiant burst of mandarin orange and lemon, immediately setting the tone for a fragrance that feels both tender and alive. The mandarin, most likely from Italy or Sicily where the fruit ripens under golden Mediterranean light, carries a sweetness that is more sunlit and velvety than sharp. Its essential oil is rich in limonene and gamma-terpinene, molecules that create that distinctive juicy, honeyed sparkle — a note that feels like laughter caught on a warm breeze. The lemon, possibly sourced from Calabria, adds an effervescent brilliance to this citrus overture. High in citral, lemon brings a clean and crystalline brightness, cutting through the sweetness of mandarin with a refreshing sharpness, like the first inhale of morning air through open windows. Together, they awaken the senses, evoking the flutter of anticipation that comes with love’s first blush.

As the top notes settle, lily and freesia unfold gracefully, forming the heart of the composition. The lily, with its cool, waxen petals and gently spicy undertone, introduces a serene purity — the scent of white silk and dew-covered blossoms at dawn. Depending on the extraction, lily’s aroma is often reconstructed through molecules such as hydroxycitronellal and lilyal, which capture its ethereal, green, and subtly soapy nuances. These synthetics lend a sense of realism and transparency, enhancing the natural effect while ensuring stability — the impression of a living flower in perpetual bloom. 

The freesia, a flower long prized in perfumery for its soft, peppery freshness, complements the lily beautifully. Freesia’s scent is delicate yet vibrant, a blend of green citrus facets and creamy petals supported by ionones — aroma molecules also found in violets. These ionones give it a powdery, slightly fruity radiance that enhances the airy, romantic quality of the bouquet.

Beneath this luminous floral heart lies the foundation that gives With Love its sensual warmth and emotional depth. Sandalwood, most likely Indian or Australian, forms the core of this base. The prized Mysore sandalwood — rich in santalols — imparts a creamy, almost milky woodiness that is both grounding and comforting. Its modern replacements, sustainably sourced Australian sandalwoods and synthetic sandalwood molecules like javanol or polysantol, recreate the smooth, velvety texture with a slightly cleaner tone. This note feels like a caress — skin warmed by touch, love expressed in closeness rather than words.

Amber adds its golden warmth, built through accords combining resins, labdanum, and vanillic nuances. It brings an almost honeyed, sun-drenched glow that bridges the floral heart with the sensual base. Musk then envelops the composition like soft fabric — clean, slightly powdery, and intimately skin-like. Modern synthetic musks such as galaxolide or muscenone replace the natural animalic variety, bringing a soft-focus sensuality that makes the scent linger close to the skin, like a whispered secret. Finally, cedar, most likely Virginian, contributes a dry, woody elegance. Its naturally occurring cedrol gives it a smooth pencil-shaving facet, lending structure and refinement — the quiet strength beneath the perfume’s tender heart.

Together, these elements form a fragrance that feels like the memory of an embrace — citrus brightness fading into floral warmth, anchored by woods and musk that linger like affection itself. With Love is not loud, but it resonates; it captures the tenderness of connection and the emotional quiet that follows the rush of romance. Each note feels intentional — from the sunny optimism of its opening to the sensual warmth of its base — a delicate harmony of emotion and elegance that could only come from Guerlain.


Bottle:



Presented in a modified form of the Bouchon Coeur flacon, the word 'Love' is written in different languages in pink script all over the bottle.
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Fate of the Fragrance:


Likely discontinued around 2006

Arome Synthetique Peau D'Espagne by Guerlain 1883

Arôme Synthétique Peau d’Espagne — pronounced "ah-rohm san-tay-teek poh day-spahn-yuh" — translates from French as “Synthetic Spanish Leather.” The name immediately conjures an image of luxury and daring modernity: the soft warmth of tanned leather infused with flowers and spice, reimagined through the lens of chemistry and innovation. Guerlain’s choice of this name in 1883 was deliberate — a bold declaration that perfumery was entering a new era, one where nature and science could merge to create entirely new olfactory experiences. “Arôme Synthétique” signaled experimentation and progress, while “Peau d’Espagne” recalled the deep tradition of perfumed leather — the height of sophistication and sensuality since the Renaissance.

To understand its meaning fully, one must step back into the cultural and historical world of the late 19th century. This was the Belle Époque, an age of elegance, optimism, and technical progress. Electricity illuminated Paris, trains and telegraphs connected continents, and the air was filled with the spirit of invention. Fashion was sumptuous — corseted silhouettes, bustled gowns, and silk gloves — while perfumery, still rooted in the natural world, was beginning to explore the possibilities of synthetic molecules like coumarin, vanillin, and ionones. When Guerlain launched Arôme Synthétique Peau d’Espagne in 1883, it captured this cultural shift perfectly: a perfume that honored centuries of artisanal tradition yet embraced the future with scientific precision.

The phrase “Peau d’Espagne”, or “Spanish Leather,” carries a long and storied heritage. Originally, it referred to a type of leather perfumed with floral, spice, and herbal essences — typically rose, orange blossom, clove, cinnamon, and musk — used to mask the unpleasant odor of animal hides during tanning. As early as the 16th century, this exquisitely scented leather was prized for making gloves, belts, and shoes for European nobility. The scent was unmistakable — warm, powdery, and sensual, blending animalic undertones with flowers and spice. By the 19th century, Peau d’Espagne had evolved into a perfume concept rather than a material — a bottled echo of that once-luxurious aroma. Perfumers throughout France, England, and Italy created their own interpretations, each varying slightly in the balance of leather, floral, and balsamic notes. Guerlain’s version, however, distinguished itself by its inclusion of synthetic components, marking a transition from purely natural formulations to more modern, enduring compositions.


To women of the 1880s, a perfume called Arôme Synthétique Peau d’Espagne would have suggested confidence, refinement, and sensual mystery. It was not the fragile sweetness of a bouquet fragrance, but something with presence — the scent of soft gloves, fine tobacco, polished wood, and flowers pressed between pages of an old book. At a time when perfumed gloves and stationery were symbols of refinement, wearing a scent inspired by them would have been both fashionable and evocative. Guerlain’s use of the word “synthetic” might have intrigued rather than repelled; it hinted at modern luxury, at the cutting edge of olfactory art.

In scent, Peau d’Espagne would translate to a complex layering of notes: top notes of citrus and aromatic herbs, softening into spiced florals — rose, jasmine, and orange blossom — resting upon a base of leather, musk, amber, and woods. Natural ingredients such as orris root and tonka bean lent powdery sweetness, while synthetics like coumarin (newly discovered in 1868) added a smooth, almond-hay facet that enhanced and prolonged the warmth of the leather. This union of natural and synthetic materials gave the perfume a modern polish — longer-lasting, more cohesive, and subtly abstracted from its earthy origins.

Within the landscape of 19th-century perfumery, Arôme Synthétique Peau d’Espagne stood out as both familiar and revolutionary. Many perfumeries offered their own “Spanish Leather” compositions, but Guerlain’s was among the first to explicitly embrace synthetics as a creative tool rather than a mere substitute. It was a scent poised between eras — the last breath of traditional perfumery and the first confident stride into the modern world.

In essence, Arôme Synthétique Peau d’Espagne was not simply a perfume; it was a statement of transition — from nature to science, from craft to art, from the tangible luxury of perfumed leather to the invisible allure of fragrance on skin. It embodied the sensuality of the past, gilded with the promise of the future — the scent of progress, elegance, and timeless sophistication.
 


Fragrance Composition:


So what does it smell like? It was the synthesized version of Peau D'Espagne, also known as Spanish Leather. I would imagine it was a perfume meant to mimic the scent of highly perfumed Spanish Leather.
  • Top notes: bergamot, lavender, verbena, neroli, lemongrass, lemon, acacia
  • Middle notes: rose, cloves, cinnamon, ylang ylang, jasmine, orange blossom, nutmeg
  • Base notes: sandalwood, ambergris, musk, birch tar oil, vanilla, civet, tolu, tonka bean, coumarin, benzoin

Scent Profile:


To experience Arôme Synthétique Peau d’Espagne through scent is to step into a richly textured world of leather, spice, and polished refinement — a fragrance that evokes the feel of a gloved hand, soft and warm against the skin, imbued with centuries of artisanal craft. As a synthesized version of Peau d’Espagne (Spanish Leather), this perfume was meant to replicate, and even perfect, the aroma of perfumed leather — that luxurious blend once used to scent gloves and adorn the vanities of Europe’s elite. It bridges the sensuality of animalic leather with the polish of florals and the intrigue of modern chemistry.

The first impression opens with bergamot, bright and refined, its sparkling oil from Calabria lending a citrus radiance that immediately cuts through the depth that lies beneath. Bergamot’s complexity — floral, green, and slightly smoky — owes its balance to linalool and limonene, aroma molecules that bring natural freshness. Lemon and lemongrass follow swiftly, their tart zest and grassy sharpness adding vitality and a touch of rustic brightness, while verbena, with its lemony-green purity, sharpens the top accord with a silvery gleam. These citrus-herbal notes are interwoven with lavender, whose French Provençal essence lends both sweetness and faint camphorous coolness, its linalyl acetate bringing softness and structure. Finally, neroli, distilled from Tunisian or Moroccan orange blossoms, breathes an airy floral sweetness — clean yet honeyed — while acacia, with its powdery floral character, introduces the first whisper of warmth beneath the gleaming citrus veil.

As the top notes fade, the heart unfolds like a leather-bound bouquet: rose and jasmine emerge, their lush petals lending warmth and sensuality. The Bulgarian rose absolute, rich in citronellol and geraniol, infuses the blend with velvety texture and depth, while jasmine — likely from Grasse — brings narcotic sweetness and a creamy floral body through its indole and benzyl acetate content. Interlaced among them is ylang-ylang, a tropical floral from the Comoros or Madagascar, whose banana-like sweetness and faint spiciness soften the sharper edges of the blend. Orange blossom echoes the neroli from above, deepening the honeyed floral tone with faintly animalic warmth.

Yet, just as one is lulled into floral luxury, a bold counterpoint appears — clove, cinnamon, and nutmeg, warm spices that recall perfumed gloves stored in cedar chests. The clove’s eugenol provides a sharp, medicinal warmth, while cinnamon’s cinnamaldehyde radiates golden heat, and nutmeg adds a dry, nutty undertone. Together, they conjure the scent of tooled leather — smooth yet rugged, sweet yet animalic. This intricate play between floral sensuality and spiced austerity is the true heart of Peau d’Espagne — at once human, tactile, and refined.

The base settles into the essence of the perfume’s namesake — a leathery, resinous warmth that endures for hours. The unmistakable character of birch tar oil, with its smoky, tar-like intensity, forms the backbone of the leather accord. Its rough, animalic depth is tempered by ambergris, a marine note of soft salt and warmth, and musk, which lends a sensual, skin-like roundness. The addition of civet, in minute quantities, adds a natural animalic pulse — intimate and slightly erotic — while sandalwood from Mysore wraps everything in creamy, milky woodiness, grounding the perfume in serenity.
Resins and balms — tolu, benzoin, and vanilla — rise like amber light through the smoke. 

The Peruvian tolu balsam, sweet with cinnamon and honey nuances, merges with the warm resin of Siamese benzoin, whose vanillin component deepens the sweetness. Vanilla itself, sourced from Madagascar, lends a familiar comfort, while tonka bean and coumarin (its synthetic twin) bridge nature and chemistry — a key theme of this fragrance. Tonka’s natural coumarin content gives the scent its hay-like, almond-vanilla smoothness, and Guerlain’s use of synthetic coumarin amplifies that effect, making the perfume more cohesive and long-lasting — the leather softened, the smoke polished, the florals smoothed into silk.

As it dries down, Arôme Synthétique Peau d’Espagne becomes an olfactory tapestry — a blend of earth, skin, spice, and polish. It speaks of craftsmanship and sensuality, of the old world refined through modern science. The natural and synthetic elements dance together: the raw, smoky birch tar is civilized by coumarin; the floral sweetness gains persistence through vanillin; the animalics are elevated to abstraction through chemical precision. The result is not a simple imitation of Spanish Leather but a reimagining of it — a portrait of luxury distilled through intellect, warmth, and artistry.

To smell it is to breathe history itself: the scent of a gloved hand in a Paris salon, the whisper of powdered suede, the shimmer of ambered light on polished wood. Arôme Synthétique Peau d’Espagne remains not merely a perfume, but an idea — the embodiment of Guerlain’s early mastery of both nature and innovation, and a timeless symbol of the sensual bond between scent, craft, and skin.



Art & décoration, Volume 4, 1898:
“The ultimate expression of elegance lies in delicately scenting one’s lingerie, lace, and furs with a fragrance that is discreet, personal, and enduring. No liquid perfume, however finely misted, possesses all the qualities required to achieve this perfect harmony. Traditional perfumed powders, long used for this purpose, often carry overly strong or aggressive scents — a harshness that Guerlain has masterfully refined. In its Peau d’Espagne sachets, Guerlain offers a perfume that is ideally balanced: softly sweet, exquisitely subtle, and beautifully persistent.”


What Became of Pam, 1906
"And the air itself thick with a thousand scents from the Peau d'Espagne, beloved of unmentionable Parisian ladies, up to the most delicate essence of Houbigant or Guerlain was unbearably hot, unbearably sweet, and curiously exciting."




Bottles:


Presented in the Carre flacon.









Fate of the Fragrance:



Discontinued, date unknown. Still being sold in 1906.

Jicky 1889

Jicky by Guerlain, created in 1889 by Aimé Guerlain, stands as one of the most revolutionary perfumes in fragrance history — a composition that bridged the 19th and 20th centuries, marking the dawn of modern perfumery. The name “Jicky” (pronounced “Jee-kee” in French) has long been surrounded by romance and mystery. One legend claims it was inspired by a young English woman Aimé loved during his student years; another ties it to his nephew, Jacques Guerlain, affectionately called “Jicky” as a child. However, some modern historians suggest a more discreet truth — that Aimé, who was reportedly gay, may have created Jicky as a private tribute to a man he loved, cleverly concealed behind a feminine legend to protect both himself and the family’s reputation in conservative 19th-century society. Regardless of its true origin, the name “Jicky” feels playful, affectionate, and intimate — a diminutive that evokes fondness and familiarity. It carries a warmth that reflects the perfume itself: daring yet tender, elegant yet alive.

The year 1889 was pivotal — both for the world and for perfumery. The Eiffel Tower had just been unveiled at the Paris Exposition Universelle, symbolizing innovation and modernity. Society was straddling two eras: the rigid traditions of the 19th century and the bold experimentation of the approaching Belle Époque. Fashion was softening — corsets still reigned, but fabrics were lighter, silhouettes more fluid, and leisure pursuits were becoming increasingly modern. The emergence of synthetic aroma molecules gave perfumers new artistic freedom, breaking the boundaries of what natural essences alone could achieve. Jicky became the embodiment of this transformation — a perfume that captured the tension between the old and the new, the natural and the artificial, the masculine and the feminine.

 

Women of the time would have found Jicky intriguing — even provocative. Unlike the sweet, floral, and powdery perfumes they were accustomed to, Jicky was unconventional: brisk, aromatic, slightly animalic. It carried the same bold spirit as the “new woman” of the Belle Époque — educated, curious, and more independent than her mother’s generation. Yet, men too were drawn to it, marking Jicky as one of the first truly unisex fragrances in history. The name and scent together suggested modern vitality and refined sensuality, appealing to those who dared to be different.

Interpreted in scent, Jicky is a fougère — meaning “fern-like” — a genre that combines aromatic herbs, citrus, and warm, mossy undertones. Its construction was pioneering: natural ingredients like lavender, bergamot, and vanilla were blended with newly available synthetics such as coumarin (which imparts a sweet, hay-like warmth) and vanillin, deepening the composition and extending its longevity. This interplay between fresh and warm, clean and sensual, masculine and feminine, was what made Jicky so unique for its time. In the context of late-19th-century perfumery — dominated by straightforward floral bouquets — Jicky was a revelation. It wasn’t a mere imitation of nature; it was an abstract creation, an artistic composition that expressed emotion, personality, and modern sophistication.

More than a perfume, Jicky was a manifesto — Guerlain’s declaration that fragrance could transcend gender, tradition, and the limitations of natural raw materials. It was youthful yet refined, spontaneous yet structured. Its name — whispered affectionately, almost conspiratorially — mirrored its scent: warm, familiar, and undeniably alive.





Bardot, Eternal Sex Goddess, 1973:
"Brigitte is not a heavy user of scent; for a long time she favored Jicky by Guerlain, a subtle girlish scent touched with bergamot and lavender and a hint of Provencal herbs."

From Truman Capote's book Answered Prayers:
"The room smelled of her perfume (at some point I asked what it was, and Colette said: 'Jicky"


Marie-Claire, 1937:
"Jicky by Guerlain: Very fresh. Dominant note: lavender, undergrowth."

 


Original Fragrance Composition:


So what does it smell like? Jicky is classified as a fougère fragrance for women. Young and sporty. 

  • Top notes: almond, oleander, geranium, lavender, Eau de Cologne Imperiale formula, Provencal herbs (thyme, basil, nutmeg, coriander, lyre sage, mint)
  • Middle notes: fern, pepper, hay, broom, absinthe, tuberose, jasmine, rose, cinnamon,
  • Base notes: resins, cedar, sandalwood, patchouli, vetiver, civet, juniper, myrrh, orris, vanilla and tonka bean

Scent Profile:


To experience Jicky by Guerlain is to stand at the crossroads of nature and modernity — where sun-warmed lavender fields of Provence meet the shimmer of new synthetic artistry. It opens with a brightness that feels both airy and alive, a burst of green and gold. The first breath carries the aromatic lavender, grown in the stony hills of Haute-Provence, where altitude and dry sunlight give the blossoms their signature sharp sweetness. The essential oil brims with linalool and linalyl acetate, molecules that impart that crystalline, soapy freshness which defines the fougère family. Yet in Jicky, lavender is made flesh — warmed by a tender almond note that adds a whisper of creaminess, softening the herbal edges. 

The Eau de Cologne Impériale accord — an homage to Guerlain’s own 1853 masterpiece — threads through this opening like a silken ribbon of citrus: bergamot, lemon, and petitgrain lending a sparkling, sunlit dimension. The Provencal herbs — thyme, basil, nutmeg, coriander, mint, and lyre sage — add a Mediterranean vivacity, redolent of mountain air and crushed green leaves beneath bare hands. They contribute their own aromatic chemicals — thymol, eucalyptol, and sabinene — that lift the lavender’s sweetness into something brisk, kinetic, and unmistakably modern.

As the perfume unfolds, it turns more intimate, revealing a textured middle that feels like the scent of skin kissed by the sun after hours outdoors. Here, Jicky takes on its characteristic “fougère” complexity. Fern — an abstract accord, since the plant itself has no scent — is recreated through the balance of coumarin (first isolated from tonka bean in 1820) and oakmoss-like resins, evoking damp greenery and soft earth. 

Hay and broom add golden warmth, dry and honeyed, layered with the bittersweet absinthe, its thujone-laden sharpness giving an aromatic, almost hallucinatory depth. A touch of pepper pricks the senses, while rose, tuberose, and jasmine weave a gentle floral counterpoint — tender, but not ornamental. These flowers lend a breath of human warmth, a faint echo of body heat and sensuality beneath the cool herbs and spices. The cinnamon adds a subtle, glowing spice, drawing out the almond’s sweetness and hinting at the warmth that lies below.

The drydown is where Jicky becomes truly intimate — both animalic and comforting. The base unfurls like smoke and silk: resins of myrrh and storax lend balsamic depth, while patchouli, cedar, and vetiver ground the composition in wood and earth. The juniper and orris add clarity and powdery refinement, tempering the warmth of the animalic materials that follow. 

Civet, a daring, but common, inclusion for the time, gives the perfume its signature sensual hum — a whisper of skin, musk, and life itself. Then comes the sweetness: tonka bean, rich in coumarin, blends with vanilla (and likely vanillin, one of the earliest synthetic notes), creating a soft, creamy glow that seems to float above the woods like candlelight. Sandalwood, most likely from Mysore, infuses the finish with its milky, sacred warmth — its santalols adding a spiritual roundness that ties the herbal clarity of the opening to the animalic sensuality of the end.

In its entirety, Jicky feels like an inhalation of the natural world — wild herbs and sunburnt grasses, flowers and resins and the faint hum of the human body — yet it hums with something abstract, something distinctly modern. The synthetics — coumarin, vanillin, perhaps early lactones — do not replace the natural materials but amplify them, like light caught in glass. They give Jicky its peculiar, unforgettable duality: part dandy, part dreamer; part science, part soul. To smell it is to encounter one of perfumery’s first true works of art — a scent that captures the eternal dance between intellect and instinct, civilization and wilderness.



1989 Fragrance Composition:



So what does it smell like? Jicky vintage version (1989) is classified as a sweet oriental fragrance for women. It begins with a citrusy fresh top, followed by a floral woody heart, layered over a sweet balsamic exotic base. A perfume of contrasts with aromatic notes of bergamot, rosemary and lavender, amber and wood set against a warm background of vanilla.
  • Top notes: lemon, bergamot, mandarin, rosewood
  • Middle notes: jasmine, patchouli, rose, orris, vetiver
  • Base notes: vanilla, benzoin, ambergris, tonka bean, civet, leather, frankincense
  

Scent Profile:


The vintage 1989 version of Jicky unfolds like a golden tapestry of light and shadow — a perfume of vivid contrasts, where the cool shimmer of citrus and herbs meets the languid warmth of amber and vanilla. It opens with a burst of sunlight: lemon, bergamot, and mandarin mingle in an effervescent dance, their oils glistening like dew on morning fruit. The bergamot, sourced from Calabria, carries that inimitable balance of bitterness and brightness — a harmony created by linalyl acetate, limonene, and bergapten — lending sparkle without acidity. 

The lemon adds piercing clarity, while mandarin introduces a gentle sweetness, round and sun-warmed, filled with gamma-terpinene and citral, which soften the sharper edges. Beneath them lies a subtle hint of rosewood, once distilled from Aniba rosaeodora of the Amazon, its pale, honeyed aroma rich in linalool. The effect is both fresh and polished — citrus gleam over silken wood — like a reflection of sunlight caught on a fine crystal surface.

As the brightness fades, the heart of Jicky reveals its intricate layers, moving from airy citrus to something more tactile and emotional. Here, the jasmine unfolds — lush and sensual, most likely from Grasse, where its blossoms open before dawn to preserve the delicate balance of benzyl acetate and indole. The result is a flower that smells not merely floral, but alive — creamy, warm, slightly animalic. The rose, too, breathes with richness, likely an accord balancing rose de mai and Turkish damask rose, mingling fresh dewiness with spicy, honeyed depth. 

Orris, the powdered root of the Florentine iris, lends a cool, buttery smoothness through ionones that give the fragrance its soft, velvety halo — a powdery bridge between flower and skin. The patchouli, sourced from Indonesia, introduces a grounding, earthy vibration through its patchoulol content, evoking damp forest soil after rain. And then, vetiver — likely from Haiti — offers a dry, smoky elegance, its vetiverol and vetivone molecules weaving a quiet tension between root and air, adding both texture and restraint.

It is in the base that vintage Jicky reveals its true character — lush, mysterious, and deeply human. The vanilla, sweet and resinous, is the soul of warmth here — derived from Madagascar pods, rich in vanillin, piperonal, and coumarin. Its lush sweetness is tempered by benzoin, a balsamic resin from Siam, glowing with notes of cinnamon and caramel from its natural benzoic acid and vanillic aldehydes. 

Ambergris, one of perfumery’s most elusive materials, lends its ethereal animalic depth — saline, skin-like, and radiant — diffusing the sweetness and creating an impression of soft, endless warmth. Tonka bean, high in coumarin, adds a nutty, hay-like undertone, bridging the amber and vanilla with subtle tobacco tones. The civet, once natural, gives a whisper of warmth and human intimacy — a slightly feral pulse that brings the perfume to life. Finally, leather and frankincense close the composition with a smoky, sacred gravity — the leather dark and supple, the incense rising like thin trails of smoke in a temple.

Together, these materials — natural and synthetic in perfect accord — create a perfume that feels at once spontaneous and eternal. The synthetics, particularly vanillin and coumarin, heighten the natural facets rather than replace them, polishing the raw materials into an idealized form. Where nature gives sensuality, the synthetic brings clarity; where the earth gives depth, chemistry lends light. Jicky (1989) is thus not a mere echo of its 1889 ancestor, but a matured reflection — a sweet oriental symphony of citrus and amber, intellect and desire. Smelling it is like tracing a line through history: from the shimmer of the Belle Époque to the warmth of the late 20th century, still glowing with the quiet sophistication that has always made Jicky timeless.


Product Line:


By the late 1960s and throughout the 1970s, Guerlain’s Jicky line had evolved into an elegant, fully realized fragrance collection — a testament to the enduring sophistication and adaptability of one of the world’s most storied perfumes. This was a period when perfumery was becoming increasingly ritualized, and luxury houses like Guerlain sought to envelop their clientele in scent from head to toe. The Jicky range offered not only perfume but a complete sensory wardrobe, each product designed to express a different facet of the fragrance’s complex personality — from its brisk aromatic top to its warm, sensual base.

At the heart of the collection was the Parfum, the most concentrated and luxurious expression of Jicky. Dense, golden, and intimate, it revealed the fragrance’s animalic warmth and vanilla-laden amber base in its fullest form. A few drops on the pulse points would unfold slowly, revealing the complex layers of lavender, civet, and tonka with unmatched depth. The Parfum Spray offered this same intensity in a more modern, portable format — a reflection of the jet-set era’s need for glamour on the go. The Eau de Toilette balanced lightness and strength, emphasizing Jicky’s aromatic and citrus elements, while the Eau de Cologne and Spray Cologne were refreshing interpretations, ideal for liberal application. These lighter versions highlighted the lemon and bergamot in the opening, carrying the composition’s lively brightness without losing its elegant core of herbs and amber.

The Film Spray Parfumé represented the innovation of the era — a fine mist that left a delicate perfumed veil on the skin, hair, or clothing. It was airy yet lasting, echoing Jicky’s characteristic duality of freshness and warmth. Capillaque, a perfumed hair preparation, was another reflection of 1960s beauty rituals; it added sheen and softness to the hair while diffusing the fragrance subtly with every movement, ensuring that the wearer was enveloped in scent from crown to toe.

Bath and body products completed this olfactory experience. The Bath Oil transformed bathing into an indulgent ritual — the warm water releasing aromatic vapors of lavender, citrus, and amber, softening the skin and leaving behind a faint, sensual trace. The Crème Hydratante, or moisturizing cream, layered the fragrance with a tender texture, enhancing longevity while keeping the skin supple. The Déodorant, infused with the classic Jicky aroma, ensured freshness while maintaining the perfume’s sophisticated signature — even in the most mundane daily routines. The Talc, softly scented, added a powdery refinement to the ritual, lightly dusting the skin in fragrance while evoking the tactile luxury of Guerlain’s vintage grooming products.

Perhaps the most charming of all was the Flanelle pour le linge — a perfumed flannel for linens. This product carried Jicky’s distinctive scent into one’s wardrobe or dressing table, lending clothes and linens the refined aura of the fragrance itself. It reflected Guerlain’s understanding that perfume was not merely worn, but lived with — that its beauty should linger in every gesture and fabric, in every corner of a private world.

Together, these products formed a universe of Jicky, where the fragrance could be experienced in varying intensities and textures — a rare cohesion of tradition and modern luxury. Whether as a delicate mist or a richly anointed parfum, Jicky’s presence in the late 1960s and 1970s remained unmistakably elegant: timeless, witty, and quietly sensual, much like the woman (or man) who chose to live within its aura.



Bottles:



Throughout its long and illustrious history, Jicky was not only celebrated for its trailblazing scent but also for the elegance and variety of its bottles, each one a reflection of Guerlain’s evolving aesthetic and the artistic sensibilities of its era. The perfume’s presentation told a story parallel to its fragrance — one of refinement, innovation, and enduring style.

The earliest version of Jicky appeared in the Carré flacon, a simple square bottle used for the parfum. This form echoed late 19th-century restraint, emphasizing clean lines and clarity — a vessel meant to highlight the amber liquid within rather than compete with it. It was a fitting introduction for a perfume that balanced classical structure with daring modernity.

 
1935 ad and 1938 ad


In 1908, Jicky adopted what would become one of Guerlain’s most iconic designs: the Quadrilobe bottle, created by Aimé Guerlain’s brother, Gabriel Guerlain. Its rounded shoulders and lobed stopper were inspired by their father’s old pharmacy jars, connecting the family’s perfumery lineage to its apothecary roots. The Quadrilobe’s softly curving geometry mirrored Jicky’s dual nature — both scientific and sensual, traditional yet avant-garde — and would become synonymous with Guerlain’s most prestigious parfums.

 
1951 ad




Through the 20th century, Jicky continued to appear in a range of exquisite flacons, each capturing the design language of its time. The Borne flacon (1931–1960s), with its column-like shape and architectural shoulders, exuded Deco elegance — a perfume column crowned with understated authority. The cobalt blue glass Lanterne flacon (1935–1943), aptly named for its lantern-like silhouette, introduced a touch of romantic whimsy to Jicky’s visual identity, its design diffusing light like the soft glow of evening through glass.

The Guerre flacon (1938–1945) reflected the austerity and practicality of wartime France, a period when materials and aesthetics leaned toward restraint but still retained a sense of dignity. By contrast, the Opaline flacon (1951–1956) ushered in postwar optimism — a luminous bottle of milky, opalescent glass suggesting refinement and renewal. The Parapluie flacon (1952–1979) offered a more modern practicality, designed for ease of use while maintaining elegance, its name (“umbrella”) perhaps alluding to its protective and portable nature. Finally, the Amphore flacon (1955–1982), with its gracefully elongated form and classical frosted contours, brought a sense of ancient beauty to mid-century femininity — a timeless amphora filled with golden essence.

Alongside the parfums, Jicky’s lighter concentrations were housed in distinctive vessels that became as beloved as the fragrance itself. The Goutte flacon (1923–2001), used for the eau de toilette, was slender and teardrop-shaped, its simplicity reflecting both practicality and elegance. The Montre flacon (1936–1999), named for its resemblance to a pocket watch, contained the eau de cologne — a charming nod to the dapper ritual of men’s grooming, aligning with Jicky’s reputation as one of the first truly unisex scents. The flacon de Voyage (1955–2002) accompanied travelers, offering refinement and familiarity in a compact form, while the Bee bottle, Guerlain’s enduring emblem since 1853, appeared periodically across the line, linking Jicky to the house’s imperial heritage and to the timeless symbol of natural craftsmanship.

 

Even Jicky’s talc was given a design worthy of its name, housed in the satin finished Lyre bottle (1922–1960) — a vessel shaped like the classical instrument, symbolic of harmony, beauty, and lyricism. It was a fitting container for a powder that would leave the faintest, most poetic trail of the fragrance on skin.

Each of these bottles not only held the scent of Jicky but also served as a visual expression of Guerlain’s artistic evolution. From the rational purity of the Quadrilobe to the romantic curve of the Amphore, the line of flacons reflects how Jicky transcended time, adapting gracefully to each generation while never losing its essential character — a perfume of intellect and emotion, contained in glass that was itself a work of art.
 



Fate of the Fragrance:



Jicky has been reformulated several times, most notably in 1984 and again in 2010. Jicky Eau de Parfum (2021) a reformulation. It is classified as a floral fougere fragrance for women. 
  • Top notes are lavender, bergamot and rosemary
  • Middle notes are woody notes, rose, pelargonium and fern
  • Base notes are opoponax, vanilla, tonka bean and woody notes

Bouquet de la Contesse d'Edla c1873

Bouquet de la Comtesse d’Edla by Guerlain, launched in 1873, stands as a remarkable example of Guerlain’s longstanding tradition of crafting bespoke perfumes for royalty and prominent figures. The name itself, translated from French as “The Bouquet of the Countess of Edla”, immediately evokes elegance, refinement, and exclusivity. It conjures images of a delicate floral arrangement, carefully gathered to honor a distinguished woman—Elise Hensler, the Countess of Edla, wife of King Ferdinand II of Portugal. The perfume is more than a fragrance; it is a tribute, a scent narrative capturing both the personality of the Countess and the unique floral richness of Portugal.

The choice of Portugal as a botanical inspiration reflects Guerlain’s attentiveness to provenance and authenticity. The flowers of the Portuguese mountains, particularly those surrounding the ancient Castle of Cintra (Sintra), also known as the Castle of the Moors (Castelo dos Mouros), provided the perfumer with a rare and natural palette. These highland blooms, shaped by a temperate climate and mineral-rich soils, imparted subtle nuances—soft yet complex—that distinguished them from the more commonly cultivated European florals. The bouquet likely featured wild roses, jasmine, and mountain blooms whose natural oils contained a richer and slightly spicier character than imported or greenhouse-grown flowers. Guerlain may also have enhanced these natural floral elements with small additions of absolutes and tinctures, allowing the scent to retain the purity of the wildflowers while creating a lasting fragrance suitable for an extrait.

 

The era in which Bouquet de la Comtesse d’Edla was launched, the late 19th century, was marked by both artistic flourish and aristocratic opulence. The fragrance would have reflected the sophistication of the Belle Époque in Europe, a period when perfumes were highly symbolic, worn as personal signatures and social statements. For women of the time, a perfume named after a royal figure and inspired by the romantic flora of Portugal would have evoked not only the elegance and prestige of court life but also a sense of refined adventure—a scent that transported them to the misty mountains and sunlit gardens of Sintra.

Olfactively, the fragrance can be imagined as a lush floral tapestry. The top notes likely opened with the freshness of morning dew on Portuguese wildflowers, complemented by a delicate citrusy brightness from local bergamot or lemon. The heart would unfold into a rich floral bouquet—jasmine, rose, lily, and perhaps subtle mountain herbs—creating a lively yet gentle harmony. Finally, a base of soft woods and musky undertones would ground the composition, providing warmth and elegance without overpowering the delicate florals. Compared to other perfumes of the period, Bouquet de la Comtesse d’Edla would have been unique for its intimate connection to a specific geographic locale and royal patronage, standing apart from the more generalized floral eaux de toilette common on the Parisian market. It was both a celebration of a distinguished woman and a sensory portrait of the Portuguese landscape, making it a fragrance of rare distinction and timeless allure.




Elise Friedericke Hensler, known in Portuguese as Elisa, led a life that seems to have been plucked from the pages of a romantic novel, blending artistry, culture, and nobility. Born on 22 May 1836 in La Chaux-de-Fonds, in Switzerland’s Neuchâtel Canton, Elise was the daughter of Johann Friederich Conrad Hensler and Louise Josephe Hechelbacher, a Swiss-German family. From an early age, she was immersed in the arts, languages, and cultural refinement, a foundation strengthened when her family relocated to Boston, where she received a remarkable education emphasizing the arts and languages. Her academic achievements culminated in Paris, where she completed her studies and acquired fluency in seven languages, a testament to her intellect and cosmopolitan upbringing.

Elise’s artistic talents soon brought her to the operatic stage. By her late teens, she had joined Milan’s Teatro alla Scala, one of Europe’s most prestigious opera houses. In 1855, at the age of nineteen, she had a daughter, Alice Hensler, whose father remains unknown but was likely a member of Milanese nobility. Alice would later marry Manuel de Azevedo Gomes, a Portuguese officer, creating the bridge between Elise’s European origins and her eventual Portuguese life. Elise’s operatic career brought her to Portugal in 1860, where she performed at the Teatro Nacional São João in Oporto and the Teatro Nacional de São Carlos in Lisbon. Her performance in Verdi’s Un ballo in maschera captured not only audiences but also the attention of King Ferdinand II of Portugal, who was enchanted by her extraordinary voice and striking beauty.

Elise and Ferdinand shared more than admiration—they were united by a mutual passion for the arts, including sculpture, ceramics, painting, architecture, and gardening. Their bond culminated in a morganatic marriage on 10 June 1869 in Benfica, Lisbon. Just prior to the ceremony, the Duke Ernest II of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, cousin of Ferdinand and Head of the House of Saxe-Coburg, granted Elise the noble title of Countess d’Edla. The marriage, while childless, was rich in shared pursuits, particularly their love of botany. In Sintra, Elise designed a remarkable chalet-inspired cottage amid the gardens of the Palácio da Pena, reflecting both her Swiss roots and her American upbringing.

Following King Ferdinand II’s death in 1885, Elise inherited his estates, including the Palácio da Pena and Castelo dos Mouros, with King Charles I compensating her with 410 million escudos to secure her ownership. As a widow, Elise eventually relocated from Sintra to live with her daughter Alice and her son-in-law, maintaining a dignified, private life. She passed away from uremia on 21 May 1929 in Lisbon. Her funeral was attended by representatives of Portugal’s royal family, including the dowager queen Amélie of Orléans and ex-King Manuel II, reflecting the enduring respect and prominence she commanded. Elise Friedericke Hensler’s life, marked by art, intellect, and nobility, remains a captivating chapter in European history, bridging cultures and generations through both personal achievement and her indelible influence on Portugal’s royal landscape.



photo by gerardo borbolla

Fragrance Composition:


So what did it smell like? Bouquet de la Comtesse d’Edla is a fragrance steeped in the natural elegance of Portugal, drawing its inspiration from the flora of the mountains surrounding the historic Castle of Cintra, also known as the Castle of the Moors. One can almost imagine the scent unfolding like a stroll through those lush gardens and rugged slopes, where moss carpets the ancient stone, releasing its earthy, green aroma that forms the quiet backbone of the fragrance. The perfume evokes the wild yet cultivated beauty of Portugal, with hints of lavender—the country’s national flower—lending a gentle, aromatic freshness that lifts the composition.

Among the possibilities are floral whispers of acacia, mimosa, orange blossom, and elderflower, each contributing its distinctive character: acacia’s delicate sweetness, mimosa’s powdery warmth, and orange blossom’s radiant, sunlit glow. Subtler, more mysterious notes might include myrtle and rockrose, adding a balsamic, slightly resinous quality, while the presence of marigold, euphorbia, and reseda could infuse the fragrance with sunny, green-spicy accents. Hints of fruit and wood—tangerine, lime, almond, pomegranate, quince, fig, oak, and cypress—further enrich the perfume, suggesting both the verdant gardens of the castle and the rugged Mediterranean landscape beyond.

The imagined scent of Bouquet de la Comtesse d’Edla is both sophisticated and natural, a reflection of the Countess herself: elegant, worldly, and attuned to the beauty of her surroundings. Lavender, orange blossom, and mimosa provide immediate floral brightness, while mosses, oak, and myrtle anchor the fragrance with soft, grounding earthiness. Lighter herbal touches of mint or nettle could offer fleeting green sparkle, and sweet nuances from almond or pomegranate lend warmth and subtle gourmand allure. The overall effect is a complex yet airy bouquet, a sensory homage to Portugal’s mountain flora and to the life and taste of Elise Hensler, Countess d’Edla, in all her cultured refinement.

photo by uxarts

Bottle:



Presented in the Carre flacon.



Fate of the Fragrance:


Discontinued date unknown. Still being sold in 1879.

Bouquet de Marie Christine c1879

Bouquet de Marie Christine by Guerlain, launched in 1879, is a delicate floral composition created to commemorate the marriage of Maria Christina of Austria to King Alfonso XII of Spain. The name, translated as “Marie Christine’s Bouquet,” evokes the elegance and refinement of a freshly gathered royal posy, conjuring images of formal gardens, sunlit Spanish courtyards, and the ceremonial grandeur of a royal wedding. It would be pronounced roughly as “Boo-kay de Ma-ree Krees-teen,” a soft, lyrical name that captures the aristocratic poise of its dedicatee. The fragrance was intended to honor a queen renowned for her grace, intelligence, and measured sense of duty, reflecting both her personal charm and her role as a stabilizing presence in the Spanish court during a period of regency.

The perfume’s character can be imagined as light, elegant, and refined, echoing the aura of Maria Christina herself—a tall, fair, and well-educated woman, whose poise and composure made her an ideal candidate for such a commemorative scent. Guerlain, with a long tradition of crafting bespoke fragrances for European royalty, likely drew inspiration from flowers typical to Spain, creating a composition that was simultaneously sophisticated and accessible, embodying both ceremonial grandeur and tender femininity. Women of the period would have perceived a fragrance like Bouquet de Marie Christine as aspirational: a subtle yet unmistakable statement of refinement and cultivated taste, suitable for formal events and high society.

As a floral bouquet, the fragrance evokes the soft, verdant elegance of a royal garden. Imagining the scent, one might first encounter fresh, dewy florals, possibly jasmine and rose, mingling with gentle hints of lily or violet, creating a delicate top accord that is both bright and harmonious. The heart of the fragrance would likely be a refined, classical floral blend, enhanced with subtle sweet or green notes, emphasizing clarity and balance without overpowering richness. A soft, musky or woody base may have been employed to give the composition longevity and warmth, providing a gentle undercurrent that supports the florals while evoking the dignity and quiet power of its royal inspiration.

In the context of the late 19th century, Bouquet de Marie Christine would have fit beautifully within Guerlain’s oeuvre and the broader European perfume landscape, which often celebrated aristocratic figures and ceremonial occasions with delicate floral arrangements. At a time when perfumes were both personal adornments and public statements of taste, this fragrance would have been recognized as a refined expression of status, elegance, and the House of Guerlain’s artistry—a tribute to both a queen and the enduring power of floral perfumery.



Maria Christina of Austria, formally Maria Christina Désirée Henriette Felicitas Rainiera (21 July 1858 – 6 February 1929), was Queen consort of Spain as the second wife of King Alfonso XII. Known affectionately to her family as Christa, she was born at Židlochovice Castle (Groß Seelowitz), near Brno in Moravia, the daughter of Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria and Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria. From an early age, Maria Christina was described as tall, fair, sensible, and well-educated, qualities that would serve her well in both her personal and political life.

Upon the death of King Alfonso XII, Maria Christina was pregnant, leaving the Spanish throne temporarily vacant. Depending on the gender of her unborn child, either she would act as regent or her elder daughter, Infanta María Mercedes, would inherit precedence. Her son, Alfonso XIII, was born a king, and Maria Christina ruled as regent until he attained his majority in 1902. During her regency, she relied on her chief advisor, Práxedes Mateo Sagasta, and governed with a measured respect for constitutional law. She implemented political reforms designed to prevent conflicts and maintain stability in Spain, balancing ceremonial duties with the practical responsibilities of a temporary ruler. Her role was largely to preserve the monarchy for her son while safeguarding Spain from political unrest.

After Alfonso XIII married in 1906, Maria Christina stepped back from her formal position as first lady at court, assuming the titles of Queen Dowager and Queen Mother. She continued to exert influence in subtle and dignified ways, embodying the grace and stability for which she was known. Maria Christina passed away in 1929 at the Royal Palace in Madrid and was laid to rest at El Escorial, leaving behind a legacy of prudence, dignity, and careful stewardship of the Spanish crown during a crucial period in its history.




Fragrance Composition:



So what does it smell like? Bouquet de Marie Christine was likely inspired by the rich and vibrant floral landscapes of Spain. While the exact notes of the fragrance are not documented, one can imagine a delicate composition that captured the elegance and refinement appropriate for a royal occasion. Spanish gardens of the period were renowned for their abundant blooms, often featuring roses, jasmine, orange blossom, and other soft, aromatic flowers. These florals would have conveyed a sense of freshness, femininity, and sophistication, perfectly suited to honor the young Queen Maria Christina on her marriage.

The perfume’s character can be envisioned as light and airy, with top notes reminiscent of the early morning dew over a sunlit garden, evoking a soft sweetness from roses and the gentle brightness of orange blossoms. The heart of the fragrance would likely have unfolded into richer floral accords, blending jasmine with hints of gardenia or other regionally favored blooms, creating a refined and harmonious bouquet. Finally, subtle base notes—perhaps soft musks or delicate woods—would provide a lingering warmth, giving depth and elegance without overpowering the delicate floral core.

In the context of its time, such a perfume would have exemplified Guerlain’s tradition of crafting bespoke fragrances for European aristocracy, balancing floral charm with the sophistication expected at court. Women of the era would have related to it as both an emblem of refinement and a subtle indulgence—a wearable expression of grace and celebration, echoing the majesty of a royal wedding and the elegance of a Spanish garden in full bloom.



Bottles:


Presented in the Carre flacon.


Fate of the Fragrance:


Discontinued, date unknown.

 


La Ilustración española y americana - Part 2 - Page 374, 1885:
"For girls, Guerlain has composed a simple perfume, as fresh and engaging youth as a spring bouquet, is Maria Cristina which has served to sponsor HM Queen of Spain. So young families have timely responded to thinking to adopt Guerlain, and Maria Cristina sponsoring the perfume house Guerlain 15 rue de la Paix in Paris."



La Nouvelle revue, 1888:
As for the perfumery question, I leave it to our perfumer, Guerlain, to resolve them. Less capricious on this subject than on many others, fashion here is almost immutable. And the very name Guerlain, which once returned to the stage of the Comédie-Franciase on the occasion of the revival of Les Effrontés, is the best proof of this. Emile Augier's play is certainly not new! And the "first" dates back to the imperial years. But, from that time, Guerlain was the fashionable perfumer and its essences distributed the perfume, the imperial Russian already vying for it with the eau de Cologne of the same label, which had preceded it on the toilets of elegant ladies. Since then, many other perfumes have come to complete the exquisite collection of the house of Guerlain, and the Imperial Russian now has for rivals, in its ever ascending favor, the Pao-Rosa, the Marie-Christine, the White Heliotrope, the Shore-Caprice, the Maréchale-Duchesse, the Primavera de España, the Essential Balm of Violets, etc. , etc As you can see, our refined, smooth dilettantes are spoiled for choice. 

General route of France: Provence, 1891:
GUERLAIN 15, rue de la Paix, Paris Perfumes: Imperial Russian, Marie-Christine, Jicky, Eau de Cologne Imperiale, the same Amber or Russian. Sapoceti, special soap patented in 1843 - Strawberry Cream, the best Cold Cream - Cypris Powder, refreshing and unalterable - Excellence, quintessence of Amber Flowers, for the toilet and the handkerchief.


Fate of the Fragrance:


Discontinued, date unknown. Still being sold in 1892

Guerlain's Talc de Toilette

 Guerlain's Talc de Toilette was housed inside of a tin enameled in blue, off white and black.